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"contraction"
Context and Language Videos
Act 3,
Scene 4
Lines 44-49

An explanation of the wordplay on "contraction" in Act 3, Scene 4 of myShakespeare's Hamlet. 

myShakespeare | Hamlet 3.4 Language: "Contraction"

Hamlet

From the fair forehead of an innocent love
And makes a blister there, makes marriage vows
As false as dicers' oaths — oh, such a deed    
As from the body of contraction plucks
The very soul, and sweet religion makes
A rhapsody of words. Heaven's face does glow.     
Video Transcript: 

RALPH: Hamlet is saying here that Gertrude's behavior plucks the soul from the body of "contraction". In a marriage, two bodies are said to contract, or come together, to form a single body. What Gertrude has done, according to Hamlet, has taken the soul out of that body.

SARAH: There's also a pun here on the word "contraction." The body of contraction can also refer to the terms of a contract. So Gertrude's actions have removed the soul, or the essence, from the terms of the marriage contract.

RALPH: Likewise, she's turned the sweet religious wedding vows into a confused mixture of meaningless words.